第 4.5 节 安装 Xfce

安装 xfce4

通过 pkg 安装

# pkg install xorg lightdm lightdm-gtk-greeter xfce wqy-fonts xdg-user-dirs xfce4-goodies 

或通过 ports 安装

# cd /usr/ports/x11/xorg/ && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/x11-wm/xfce4 && make install clean #注意有个 4
# cd /usr/ports/x11/xfce4-goodies/ && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/x11-fonts/wqy/ && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/x11/lightdm/ && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/x11/lightdm-gtk-greeter/ && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/devel/xdg-user-dirs/ && make install clean

启用 xfce

# echo "/usr/local/etc/xdg/xfce4/xinitrc" > ~/.xinitrc

或者

# echo "/usr/local/etc/xdg/xfce4/xinitrc" > ~/.xsession

此处为 root 用户，普通用户需要再在自己的环境下操作一次。下同。

根据条件使用

启动服务

# sysrc dbus_enable="YES"
# sysrc lightdm_enable="YES"

设置中文显示

在 ~/.xinitrc 或者 ~/.profile 中添加以下内容（但要在最前面才正常启用） export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

lightdm 登陆管理器本地化语言见 KDE 章节。

可选配置

全局菜单（可选）

安装：

# pkg install xfce4-appmenu-plugin appmenu-gtk-module appmenu-registrar

或：

# cd /usr/ports/x11/xfce4-appmenu-plugin/ && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/x11/gtk-app-menu/ && make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/x11/appmenu-registrar/ && make install clean

$ xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Gtk/ShellShowsMenubar -n -t bool -s true
$ xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Gtk/ShellShowsAppmenu -n -t bool -s true
$ xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Gtk/Modules -n -t string -s "appmenu-gtk-module"

故障排除

FreeBSD 的 xfce 终端动态标题不显示问题

• sh: ~/.profile 写入配置

• bash: ~/.bash_profile 或 ~/.profile 写入配置

• zsh: ~/.zprofile 写入配置

• csh: ~/.cshrc 写入配置

• tcsh: ~/.tcshrc 写入配置

zsh:

precmd ()   a function which is executed just before each prompt
chpwd ()    a function which is executed whenever the directory is changed
\e          escape sequence for escape (ESC)
\a          escape sequence for bell (BEL)
%n          expands to $USERNAME
%m          expands to hostname up to first '.'
%~          expands to directory, replacing $HOME with '~'

tcsh:

precmd ()   a function which is executed just before each prompt
cwdcmd ()   a function which is executed whenever the directory is changed
%n          expands to username
%m          expands to hostname
%~          expands to directory, replacing $HOME with '~'
%#          expands to '>' for normal users, '#' for root users
%{...%}     includes a string as a literal escape sequence

bash:

\u          expands to $USERNAME
\h          expands to hostname up to first '.'
\w          expands to directory, replacing $HOME with '~'
\$          expands to '$' for normal users, '#' for root
\[...\]     embeds a sequence of non-printing characters

csh

switch ($TERM)
    case "xterm*":
        set host=`hostname`
        alias cd 'cd \!*; echo -n "^[]0;${user}@${host}: ${cwd}^Gcsh% "'
        breaksw
    default:
        set prompt='csh% '
        breaksw
endsw

参考文献：

• Xterm-Title

配置集参考

• Wamphyre/BSD-XFCE

软件推荐

FreeBSD 的 xfce 邮箱客户端推荐用 evolution，搭配 xfce4-mailwatch-plugin gnome-keyring 使用。

还有推荐 xfce 的一个桌面插件。叫 verve。配合设置智能书签，可以查网页内容。 我这里设置了 FreeBSD 的 man 手册，就可以通过搜索框搜索需要的内容。

lightdm 登陆管理器本地化语言

方法①

/etc/rc.conf 里写入：

lightdm_env="LC_MESSAGES=zh_CN.UTF-8" 

方法②

修改 slick-greeter.desktop：

编辑 /usr/local/share/xgreeters/slick-greeter.desktop：

Exec=slick-greeter 改成 Exec=env LANGUAGE=zh_CN slick-greeter 保存，重启 lightdm 服务就生效:

# service lightdm restart