# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon May 26 09:36:59 2025
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
UUID=a1a902bf-090a-4942-b533-c016a4e1c142 / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=638D-9E50 /boot/efi vfat defaults,uid=0,gid=0,umask=077,shortname=winnt 0 2
# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:16:3e:45:bc:81 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
altname enp0s5
altname ens5
inet 172.24.0.80/18 brd 172.24.63.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute eth0
valid_lft 1892159248sec preferred_lft 1892159248sec
inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe45:bc81/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
# ip route show
default via 172.24.63.253 dev eth0 proto dhcp src 172.24.0.80 metric 100
172.24.0.0/18 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 172.24.0.80 metric 100
# lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma] (rev 02)
00:01.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 ISA [Natoma/Triton II]
00:01.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 IDE [Natoma/Triton II]
00:01.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation 82371SB PIIX3 USB [Natoma/Triton II] (rev 01)
00:01.3 Bridge: Intel Corporation 82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 ACPI (rev 03)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Cirrus Logic GD 5446
00:03.0 Communication controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio console
00:04.0 SCSI storage controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio block device
00:05.0 Ethernet controller: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio network device
00:06.0 Unclassified device [00ff]: Red Hat, Inc. Virtio memory balloon
root@freebsd:~ # dmesg
---<<BOOT>>---
Copyright (c) 1992-2025 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 15.0-RELEASE releng/15.0-n280995-7aedc8de6446 GENERIC amd64
FreeBSD clang version 19.1.7 (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git llvmorg-19.1.7-0-gcd708029e0b2)
VT(efifb): resolution 800x600
CPU: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Platinum (2499.96-MHz K8-class CPU)
Origin="GenuineIntel" Id=0x50654 Family=0x6 Model=0x55 Stepping=4
Features=0x1f83fbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT>
Features2=0xfffa3203<SSE3,PCLMULQDQ,SSSE3,FMA,CX16,PCID,SSE4.1,SSE4.2,x2APIC,MOVBE,POPCNT,TSCDLT,AESNI,XSAVE,OSXSAVE,AVX,F16C,RDRAND,HV>
AMD Features=0x2c100800<SYSCALL,NX,Page1GB,RDTSCP,LM>
AMD Features2=0x121<LAHF,ABM,Prefetch>
Structured Extended Features=0xd19f07ab<FSGSBASE,TSCADJ,BMI1,AVX2,SMEP,BMI2,ERMS,INVPCID,AVX512F,AVX512DQ,RDSEED,ADX,SMAP,CLFLUSHOPT,CLWB,AVX512CD,AVX512BW,AVX512VL>
XSAVE Features=0xf<XSAVEOPT,XSAVEC,XINUSE,XSAVES>
TSC: P-state invariant
Hypervisor: Origin = "KVMKVMKVM"
real memory = 1073741824 (1024 MB)
avail memory = 929538048 (886 MB)
Event timer "LAPIC" quality 600
ACPI APIC Table: <BOCHS BXPCAPIC>
FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 2 CPUs
FreeBSD/SMP: 1 package(s) x 1 core(s) x 2 hardware threads
random: registering fast source Intel Secure Key Seed
random: fast provider: "Intel Secure Key Seed"
arc4random: WARNING: initial seeding bypassed the cryptographic random device because it was not yet seeded and the knob 'bypass_before_seeding' was enabled.
ioapic0 <Version 1.1> irqs 0-23
Launching APs: 1
random: entropy device external interface
kbd1 at kbdmux0
efirtc0: <EFI Realtime Clock>
efirtc0: registered as a time-of-day clock, resolution 1.000000s
kvmclock0: <KVM paravirtual clock>
Timecounter "kvmclock" frequency 1000000000 Hz quality 975
kvmclock0: registered as a time-of-day clock, resolution 0.000001s
smbios0: <System Management BIOS> at iomem 0x3dbcc000-0x3dbcc01e
smbios0: Entry point: v2.1 (32-bit), Version: 2.8, BCD Revision: 2.8
aesni0: <AES-CBC,AES-CCM,AES-GCM,AES-ICM,AES-XTS>
acpi0: <BOCHS BXPCFACP>
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: Sleep Button (fixed)
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x71,0x72-0x77 irq 8 on acpi0
atrtc0: registered as a time-of-day clock, resolution 1.000000s
Event timer "RTC" frequency 32768 Hz quality 0
Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 900
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0xb008-0xb00b on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci_link4: BIOS IRQ 10 for 0.1.INTA is invalid
pci_link3: BIOS IRQ 11 does not match initial IRQ 10
pci_link2: BIOS IRQ 11 does not match initial IRQ 10
pci_link1: BIOS IRQ 10 does not match initial IRQ 11
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
atapci0: <Intel PIIX3 WDMA2 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0xc060-0xc06f at device 1.1 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel> at channel 0 on atapci0
ata1: <ATA channel> at channel 1 on atapci0
uhci0: <Intel 82371SB (PIIX3) USB controller> port 0xc040-0xc05f irq 11 at device 1.2 on pci0
usbus0: controller did not stop
usbus0 on uhci0
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
pci0: <bridge> at device 1.3 (no driver attached)
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> mem 0x80000000-0x81ffffff,0x82001000-0x82001fff at device 2.0 on pci0
vgapci0: Boot video device
virtio_pci0: <VirtIO PCI (legacy) Console adapter> port 0xc020-0xc03f mem 0x82000000-0x82000fff irq 11 at device 3.0 on pci0
virtio_pci1: <VirtIO PCI (legacy) Block adapter> mem 0x800000000-0x800000fff,0x800001000-0x800001fff at device 4.0 on pci0
vtblk0: <VirtIO Block Adapter> on virtio_pci1
vtblk0: 30720MB (62914560 512 byte sectors)
virtio_pci2: <VirtIO PCI (legacy) Network adapter> mem 0x800002000GEOM: vtbd0: the secondary GPT header is not in the last LBA.
-0x800002fff,0x800003000-0x800003fff at device 5.0 on pci0
vtnet0: <VirtIO Networking Adapter> on virtio_pci2
vtnet0: Ethernet address: 00:16:3e:45:bc:81
vtnet0: netmap queues/slots: TX 1/4096, RX 1/2048
000.000850 [ 452] vtnet_netmap_attach vtnet attached txq=1, txd=4096 rxq=1, rxd=2048
virtio_pci3: <VirtIO PCI (legacy) Balloon adapter> port 0xc000-0xc01f irq 10 at device 6.0 on pci0
vtballoon0: <VirtIO Balloon Adapter> on virtio_pci3
acpi_syscontainer0: <System Container> port 0xaf00-0xaf1f on acpi0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
fdc0: <floppy drive controller> port 0x3f2-0x3f5,0x3f7 irq 6 drq 2 on acpi0
fdc0: does not respond
device_attach: fdc0 attach returned 6
uart: ns8250: UART FCR is broken (0x1)
uart0: <16550 or compatible> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
uart0: console (115200,n,8,1)
attimer0: <AT timer> at port 0x40 on isa0
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
Event timer "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 100
attimer0: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 16.
Timecounter "TSC-low" frequency 1250000111 Hz quality 1000
Timecounters tick every 10.000 msec
ugen0.1: <Intel UHCI root HUB> at usbus0
ZFS filesystem version: 5
uhub0 on usbus0
ZFS storage pool version: features support (5000)
uhub0: <Intel UHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
Trying to mount root from zfs:zroot/ROOT/default []...
random: unblocking device.
uhub0: 2 ports with 2 removable, self powered
ugen0.2: <QEMU QEMU USB Tablet> at usbus0
usbhid0 on uhub0
usbhid0: <QEMU QEMU USB Tablet, class 0/0, rev 2.00/0.00, addr 2> on usbus0
hidbus0: <HID bus> on usbhid0
Dual Console: Serial Primary, Video Secondary
intsmb0: <Intel PIIX4 SMBUS Interface> irq 9 at device 1.3 on pci0
intsmb0: intr IRQ 9 enabled revision 0
smbus0: <System Management Bus> on intsmb0
hms0: <QEMU QEMU USB Tablet> on hidbus0
hms0: 3 buttons and [XYW] coordinates ID=0
vtcon0: <VirtIO Console Adapter> on virtio_pci0
lo0: link state changed to UP
vtnet0: link state changed to UP
# dd if=mfsbsd-14.2-RELEASE-amd64.iso of=/dev/vda bs=4M status=progress
25+1 records in
25+1 records out
105928704 bytes (106 MB, 101 MiB) copied, 0.206646 s, 513 MB/s
# dmesg
…………无关输出已经省略…………
ZFS storage pool version: features support (5000)
pid 1151 (zpool) is attempting to use unsafe AIO requests - not logging anymore
pid 1562 (distextract), jid 0, uid 0, was killed: failed to reclaim memory