# 消息 ID：ZFS-8000-8A

## 数据损坏（Corrupted data）

|  类型  | 错误               |
| :--: | ---------------- |
|  严重性 | 紧急               |
|  描述  | 由于数据损坏，无法读取文件或目录 |
| 自动响应 | 不会采取自动响应         |
|  影响  | 文件或目录不可用         |

## 建议系统管理员采取的操作

运行 `zpool status -x` 确定哪个池发生了损坏：

```sh
# zpool status -x
  pool: test
 state: ONLINE
status: One or more devices has experienced an error and no valid replicas
        are available.  Some filesystem data is corrupt, and applications
        may have been affected.
action: Destroy the pool and restore from backup.
   see: https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/msg/ZFS-8000-8A
 scrub: none requested
config:

        NAME                  STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        test                  ONLINE       0     0     2
          c0t0d0              ONLINE       0     0     2
          c0t0d1              ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: 1 data errors, use '-v' for a list
```

不幸的是，无法修复数据，而修复数据的唯一选择是从备份恢复池。尝试访问损坏数据的应用程序将收到错误（EIO），并且数据可能会永久丢失。

可以通过对 `zpool status` 使用选项 `-v` 来获取受影响文件的列表：

```sh
# zpool status -xv
  pool: test
 state: ONLINE
status: One or more devices has experienced an error and no valid replicas
        are available.  Some filesystem data is corrupt, and applications
        may have been affected.
action: Destroy the pool and restore from backup.
   see: https://openzfs.github.io/openzfs-docs/msg/ZFS-8000-8A
 scrub: none requested
config:

        NAME                  STATE     READ WRITE CKSUM
        test                  ONLINE       0     0     2
          c0t0d0              ONLINE       0     0     2
          c0t0d1              ONLINE       0     0     0

errors: Permanent errors have been detected in the following files:

        /export/example/foo
```

能否删除损坏的文件取决于损坏的类型。如果损坏发生在普通数据中，则文件应当可以被删除。如果损坏发生在文件元数据中，则文件无法被删除，不过可以移动到其他位置。上述两种情况，都应当从备份源恢复数据。损坏也可能分布在整个池范围的元数据中，从而造成整个数据集不可用。如果发生这种情况，唯一的选择是销毁池，然后再从备份重新创建数据集。

## 详细信息

消息 ID：`ZFS-8000-8A` 表示当前池中存在损坏的数据。


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