> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://book.bsdcn.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://book.bsdcn.org/man/man1/kill.1.md).

# kill.1

`kill` — 终止或向进程发送信号

## 名称

`kill`

## 概要

`kill [-s signal_name] pid ...`

`kill -l [exit_status]`

`kill -signal_name pid ...`

`kill -signal_number pid ...`

## 描述

`kill` 实用程序向由 `pid` 操作数指定的进程发送信号。

只有超级用户才能向其他用户的进程发送信号。

选项如下：

**`-s`** `signal_name` 指定要发送的信号的符号信号名，而非默认的 `TERM`。

**`-l`** \[`exit_status`] 如果没有给出操作数，列出信号名称；否则，写出与 `exit_status` 对应的信号名。

**`-signal_name`** 指定要发送的信号的符号信号名，而非默认的 `TERM`。

**`-signal_number`** 一个非负十进制整数，指定要发送的信号，而非默认的 `TERM`。

以下 PID 具有特殊含义：

**0** 信号将发送到所有组 ID 等于发送者进程组 ID 的进程，且该进程有权限发送。

**-1** 如果是超级用户，向所有进程广播信号；否则向属于该用户的所有进程广播。

**-PGID** 信号将发送到属于指定进程组 ID（PGID）的所有进程。

一些常用的信号：

**1** HUP（挂起）

**2** INT（中断）

**3** QUIT（退出）

**6** ABRT（中止）

**9** KILL（不可捕获、不可忽略的终止信号）

**14** ALRM（闹钟）

**15** TERM（软件终止信号）

某些 shell 可能提供与此实用程序类似或相同的内建 `kill` 命令。请参阅 [builtin(1)](/man/man1/builtin.1.md) 手册页。

## 退出状态

`kill` 实用程序成功时退出 0，发生错误时退出 >0。

## 实例

终止 PID 为 142 和 157 的进程：

```sh
kill 142 157
```

向 PID 为 507 的进程发送挂起信号（`SIGHUP`）：

```sh
kill -s HUP 507
```

终止 PGID 为 117 的进程组：

```sh
kill -- -117
```

## 参见

[builtin(1)](/man/man1/builtin.1.md), [csh(1)](https://github.com/FreeBSD-Ask/freebsd-man-sc/blob/main/man1/csh.1.md), [killall(1)](/man/man1/killall.1.md), [ps(1)](https://github.com/FreeBSD-Ask/freebsd-man-sc/blob/main/man1/ps.1.md), [sh(1)](https://github.com/FreeBSD-Ask/freebsd-man-sc/blob/main/man1/sh.1.md), kill(2), sigaction(2)

## 标准

`kill` 实用程序应符合 IEEE Std 1003.2 ("POSIX.2") 标准。

## 历史

`kill` 命令首次出现于 Version 3 AT\&T UNIX，位于手册的第 8 节。

## 缺陷

应该为 [csh(1)](https://github.com/FreeBSD-Ask/freebsd-man-sc/blob/main/man1/csh.1.md) 用户提供 "`kill 0`" 命令的替代方案。


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter, and the optional `goal` query parameter:

```
GET https://book.bsdcn.org/man/man1/kill.1.md?ask=<question>&goal=<endgoal>
```

`ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
`goal` is optional and describes the broader end goal you are ultimately trying to accomplish on behalf of the user. GitBook uses it to tailor the answer towards what is most useful for that goal.

The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.