> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://book.bsdcn.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://book.bsdcn.org/handbook/di-10-zhang-pei-zhi-freebsd-nei-he/10.1.-gai-shu.md).

# 10.1.概述

内核是 FreeBSD 操作系统的核心。它负责管理内存、执行安全控制、网络通信、磁盘访问等众多任务。虽然 FreeBSD 的大部分内容是动态可配置的，但一些用户可能希望配置并编译定制内核。

阅读本章后，你将了解：

* 何时构建定制内核。
* 如何盘点硬件清单。
* 如何定制内核配置文件。
* 如何使用内核配置文件创建并构建新内核。
* 如何安装新内核。
* 如果出现问题，如何排查故障。

本章中的所有示例命令都应以 `root` 用户身份执行。


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