# 6.15 Hyprland > **警告** > > 由于部分 DRM GPU 驱动尚未在 FreeBSD 上移植，目前在常见虚拟机中无法使用。 > > 在使用 NVIDIA 显卡时不可用。 > > 除软件包安装和系统重启操作外，本文中的所有命令应在非 root 用户权限下执行。 Hyprland 是基于 Wayland 的动态平铺式合成器（compositor），支持窗口透明、模糊、圆角等视觉特效，并且在动画效果方面表现良好。 Hyprland 的窗口焦点切换机制与传统桌面环境不同：鼠标光标停留在哪个窗口上，该窗口即获得焦点（无需点击），通常不使用 Alt+Tab 等快捷键进行切换。 ![hyprland on FreeBSD](https://338876981-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FCJR3FQGH1PkdRtOljuxb%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-4dd91cb32a2d73b7559d583c0e63bc6a85aa48e6%2Fhyprland.png?alt=media\&token=f4b0e4f3-bbde-4595-8dab-ca880aeac30d) ## 安装 Hyprland ### 使用 pkg 安装 ```sh # pkg ins hyprland waybar wofi qt6-base qt5-wayland qt6-wayland xdg-desktop-portal-hyprland hyprpicker swaybg mako nerd-fonts slurp grim swaylock kitty dolphin hyprpolkitagent ``` ### 或者使用 Ports 安装 ```sh # cd /usr/ports/x11-wm/hyprland/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/waybar/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/wofi/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/devel/qt6-base/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/graphics/qt5-wayland/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/graphics/qt6-wayland/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/xdg-desktop-portal-hyprland/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/hyprpicker/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/swaybg/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/mako/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11-fonts/nerd-fonts/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/slurp/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/grim/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/swaylock/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11-fm/dolphin/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/x11/kitty/ && make install clean # cd /usr/ports/sysutils/hyprpolkitagent/ && make install clean ``` ### 解释软件包 > **注意** > > 作为依赖项，系统会自动安装 dbus 及 Wayland。 | 包名 | 作用说明 | | ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | | `hyprland` | 动态平铺式 Wayland 合成器 | | `waybar` | 为 wlroots 合成器（如 Hyprland）设计的 GTK 状态栏 | | `wofi` | 程序启动器（也可使用 rofi） | | `qt6-base` | Qt 6 的基础模块 | | `qt5-wayland` | Qt 5 的 Wayland 支持模块，能让 Qt 5 应用程序在 Wayland 环境中运行。 | | `qt6-wayland` | Qt 6 的 Wayland 支持模块，能让 Qt 6 应用程序在 Wayland 环境中运行。 | | `xdg-desktop-portal-hyprland` | Hyprland 的 XDG Desktop Portal 实现，提供与其他应用程序的通信接口 | | `hyprpicker` | 颜色选择器 | | `swaybg` | 壁纸工具 | | `mako` | 显示通知 | | `nerd-fonts` | 图标字体，可以用来在配置文件中插入图案，显示在 waybar 等地方 | | `slurp` | 屏幕选择工具，用来截屏 | | `grim` | 屏幕截图工具 | | `swaylock` | 锁屏工具 | | `kitty` | 终端 | | `dolphin` | 文件管理器 | | `hyprpolkitagent` | polkit 验证代理 | ## 启动服务 ```sh # service seatd enable # 设置 seatd 服务开机自启动 # service dbus enable # 设置 D-Bus 服务开机自启动 ``` ## 启动 Hyprland ### 设置 XDG\_RUNTIME\_DIR 先设置环境变量 `XDG_RUNTIME_DIR`，以避免启动时报错。 如果是默认 shell sh，将以下写入 `~/.profile`（对于 zsh，放入 `~/.zprofile`，下同）设置当前用户的 XDG 运行时目录： ```ini export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/var/run/user/`id -u` ``` 然后执行重启命令：`reboot`。 按快捷键 Ctrl+Alt+F2 进入 TTY，执行 `dbus-run-session Hyprland`，系统将在 `~/.config/hypr` 生成默认配置文件。 ## 配置自动启动 如果需要在不使用登录管理器的前提下开机自动启动 Hyprland，请将下行写入 `~/.profile`： ```ini dbus-run-session Hyprland ``` 即在 D-Bus 会话中启动 Hyprland 窗口管理器。 也可以使用命令 `Hyprland -c <配置文件路径>` 来指定配置文件。 ## 配置默认配置文件 `hyprland.conf` Hyprland 默认配置文件的位置是 `~/.config/hypr/hyprland.conf`。 ```sh ~/ ├── .config/ │ ├── hypr/ │ │ └── hyprland.conf # Hyprland 主配置文件 │ ├── kitty/ │ │ └── kitty.conf # Kitty 终端配置文件 │ ├── waybar/ │ │ ├── config.jsonc # Waybar 配置文件 │ │ └── style.css # Waybar 样式文件 │ └── swaylock/ │ └── config # swaylock 配置文件 ├── .profile # 环境变量配置文件 └── .zprofile # Zsh 环境变量配置文件 ``` 注意： * 启动后，Hyprland 默认在屏幕顶部显示一个黄色条带警告标识。可在配置文件中将其注释掉，找到 `autogenerated = 1` 这一行，在开头添加注释符号 `#`，或者直接删除整行。 * 默认将 Windows 徽标键（类 Unix 系统中称为 Super 键，下同）设置为 mod 键（可根据个人习惯改为 Alt 键等）：`$mainMod = SUPER`。 * 悬浮窗口的行为与传统桌面环境类似，可随意拖动到屏幕上的任意位置，并可使用鼠标调整窗口大小。在默认配置文件中，按住 mod 键并左键拖动悬浮窗口可移动窗口位置，按住右键拖动可调整窗口大小。可通过 `windowrulev2 = float, title:QQ` 设置默认悬浮窗口。 * 建议参考下方配置文件 `hyprland.conf`，其中 `swaybg` 用于设置壁纸，请将路径修改为你自己的图片文件所在位置。 ## 任务栏：`exec-once=waybar` * `hyprland.conf` 示例： ```ini # 进入 Hyprland 后自动启动 fcitx5。该命令已被注释，读者在安装 fcitx5 后可自行取消注释 #exec-once=fcitx5 # 设置壁纸，请将路径修改为自己的图片文件位置 #exec-once=swaybg -i "$HOME/Pictures/Wallpapers/壁纸.jpg" # 任务栏 exec-once=waybar # swaylock 锁屏 exec-once=swayidle -w timeout 300 'swaylock' # autogenerated = 1 # 移除或者注释这一行以消除屏幕顶部警告标识。 # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Monitors/ monitor=,preferred,auto,auto # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Keywords/ for more # Source a file (multi-file configs) # source = ~/.config/hypr/myColors.conf # Some default env vars. env = XCURSOR_SIZE,24 # For all categories, see https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ input { kb_layout = us kb_variant = kb_model = kb_options = kb_rules = follow_mouse = 1 touchpad { natural_scroll = no } sensitivity = 0 # -1.0 - 1.0, 0 means no modification. } general { # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ for more gaps_in = 5 gaps_out = 20 border_size = 2 col.active_border = rgba(33ccffee) rgba(00ff99ee) 45deg col.inactive_border = rgba(595959aa) layout = dwindle } animations { enabled = yes # Some default animations, see https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Animations/ for more bezier = myBezier, 0.05, 0.9, 0.1, 1.05 animation = windows, 1, 7, myBezier animation = windowsOut, 1, 7, default, popin 80% animation = border, 1, 10, default animation = borderangle, 1, 8, default animation = fade, 1, 7, default animation = workspaces, 1, 6, default } dwindle { # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Dwindle-Layout/ for more pseudotile = yes # master switch for pseudotiling. Enabling is bound to mainMod + P in the keybinds section below preserve_split = yes # you probably want this } gestures { # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ for more workspace_swipe = off } # 窗口规则 # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Window-Rules/ for more windowrulev2 = float, title:rofi.* windowrulev2 = float, title:QQ windowrulev2 = float, title:图片查看器 # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Keywords/ for more $mainMod = SUPER # 使用 Windows 徽标键作为 mainMod 键 $shiftMod=SUPER_SHIFT $altMod=SUPER_ALT $alt=ALT $shift=SHIFT # Example binds, see https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Binds/ for more bind = $mainMod, Q, exec, kitty # 打开终端 bind = $mainMod, C, killactive, # 关闭窗口 bind = $mainMod, M, exit, # 注销 bind = $mainMod, E, exec, dolphin # 文件管理器 bind = $mainMod, V, togglefloating, # 切换为悬浮窗口，可拖动 bind = $mainMod, R, exec, wofi --show drun # 软件启动器，类似菜单 bind = $mainMod, P, pseudo, # 允许焦点窗口（光标所在窗口）在平铺窗口原占区域内自由调节大小和位置 bind = $mainMod, J, togglesplit, # 调整焦点窗口与相邻窗口的排列方向，可在上下或左右排列之间切换 ### 截图 $screen_file=${HOME}/screen_shot_$(date + "%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S").png bind=$shiftMod, S, exec, grim -g "$(slurp)" - | wl-copy bind=, Print, exec, grim $screen_file bind=$shift, Print,exec, grim -g "$(slurp)" $screen_file bind=$alt, Print, exec, grim - | wl-copy # Move focus with mainMod + arrow keys bind = $mainMod, left, movefocus, l bind = $mainMod, right, movefocus, r bind = $mainMod, up, movefocus, u bind = $mainMod, down, movefocus, d # Switch workspaces with mainMod + [0-9] # 切换工作区 mainmod 键 + 数字键，1 到 0 对应 10 个工作区。 bind = $mainMod, 1, workspace, 1 bind = $mainMod, 2, workspace, 2 bind = $mainMod, 3, workspace, 3 bind = $mainMod, 4, workspace, 4 bind = $mainMod, 5, workspace, 5 bind = $mainMod, 6, workspace, 6 bind = $mainMod, 7, workspace, 7 bind = $mainMod, 8, workspace, 8 bind = $mainMod, 9, workspace, 9 bind = $mainMod, 0, workspace, 10 # Move active window to a workspace with mainMod + SHIFT + [0-9] # 将窗口移动到别的工作区，例如 mainmod+Shift+2（win 键 +2 是查看工作区 1） bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 1, movetoworkspace, 1 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 2, movetoworkspace, 2 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 3, movetoworkspace, 3 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 4, movetoworkspace, 4 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 5, movetoworkspace, 5 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 6, movetoworkspace, 6 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 7, movetoworkspace, 7 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 8, movetoworkspace, 8 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 9, movetoworkspace, 9 bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 0, movetoworkspace, 10 # 使用 mainMod + 鼠标滚轮滚动浏览现有工作区 bind = $mainMod, mouse_down, workspace, e+1 bind = $mainMod, mouse_up, workspace, e-1 # Move/resize windows with mainMod + LMB/RMB and dragging bindm = $mainMod, mouse:272, movewindow bindm = $mainMod, mouse:273, resizewindow ``` ## 配置 `kitty.conf` * 配置文件位置：`~/.config/kitty/kitty.conf`。 示例： ```ini # Look and feel ## Color # include ./obsidian.color.conf ## 字体设置 font_family Hasklug Nerd Font Mono font_size 14.0 #font_features FiraCodeNerdFontCompleteM-Retina +ss02 +ss03 +ss04 +ss05 +ss07 +zero ## 文本光标设置 cursor_blink_interval 2.0 cursor_stop_blinking_after 5.0 ## Scrollback scrollback_lines -1 ## 鼠标相关设置 copy_on_select yes # 选中文本时复制 mouse_hide_wait 2.0 # 定时隐藏鼠标 ## 提示 🔔 enable_audio_bell no visual_bell_duration 0.3 bell_on_tab yes ## Tabs tab_bar_edge top tab_bar_style powerline tab_powerline_style angled active_tab_foreground #111 active_tab_background #eee active_tab_font_style bold inactive_tab_foreground #666 inactive_tab_background #888 tab_bar_background #444 inactive_tab_font_style normal tab_title_template "{fmt.fg.gray}{index}{fmt.fg.default}:{title}" active_tab_title_template "{title}" # Mechanics input_delay 2 editor nvim allow_remote_control no allow_hyperlinks no term xterm-256color macos_option_as_alt yes macos_quit_when_last_window_closed yes strip_trailing_spaces smart update_check_interval 72 hide_window_decorations titlebar-only # Shortcuts clear_all_shortcuts yes ## The defaults map ctrl+a pipe @text tab pbcopy map ctrl+shift+c copy_to_clipboard map ctrl+shift+v paste_from_clipboard map ctrl+alt+j scroll_page_up map ctrl+alt+k scroll_page_down map ctrl+k clear_terminal reset active ## 标签页管理 map ctrl+t new_tab_with_cwd !neighbor map alt+s next_tab map alt+a previous_tab map alt+q close_tab map ctrl+s set_tab_title map ctrl+shift+left move_tab_backward map ctrl+shift+right move_tab_forward map alt+1 goto_tab 1 map alt+2 goto_tab 2 map alt+3 goto_tab 3 map alt+4 goto_tab 4 map alt+5 goto_tab 5 map alt+6 goto_tab 6 map alt+7 goto_tab 7 map alt+8 goto_tab 8 map alt+9 goto_tab 9 # 文字大小调节 map ctrl+equal change_font_size current +1.0 map ctrl+minus change_font_size current -1.0 map ctrl+0 change_font_size current 0 #include ${ARCH}.conf ``` ## 配置 waybar（任务栏） waybar 的配置文件目录位于 `~/.config/waybar`，其中包含 `config.jsonc` 和 `style.css` 文件。可参考示例配置文件进行配置，示例中需要安装软件包 `noto-emoji` 才能正常显示，读者可根据需要修改为自己想要的图标。 `config.jsonc` 示例： ```json { "position": "top", "layer": "top", "height": 16, "margin-top": 0, "margin-bottom": 0, "margin-left": 0, "margin-right": 0, "modules-left": ["custom/launcher", "wlr/workspaces", "custom/playerctl", "custom/playerlabel"], "modules-center": ["cpu", "memory", "disk"], "modules-right": ["tray", "custom/randwall", "network", "pulseaudio", "clock"], "clock": { "format": "⏰ {:%H:%M}", "tooltip": "true", "tooltip-format": "{:%Y %B}\n{calendar}", "format-alt": "🗓️ {:%y/%m/%d}" }, "wlr/workspaces": { "active-only": false, "all-outputs": true, "disable-scroll": false, "on-scroll-up": "hyprctl dispatch workspace -1", "on-scroll-down": "hyprctl dispatch workspace +1", "format": "{icon}", "on-click": "activate", "format-icons": { "urgent": "", "active": "🔴", "default": "🔵", "sort-by-number": true }, }, "custom/playerctl": { "format": "{icon}", "return-type": "json", "max-length": 64, "exec": "playerctl -a metadata --format '{\"text\": \"{{artist}} - {{markup_escape(title)}}\", \"tooltip\": \"{{playerName}} : {{markup_escape(title)}}\", \"alt\": \"{{status}}\", \"class\": \"{{status}}\"}' -F", "on-click-middle": "playerctl play-pause", "on-click": "playerctl previous", "on-click-right": "playerctl next", "format-icons": { "Playing": "󰒮 󰐌 󰒭", "Paused": "󰒮 󰏥 󰒭" }, }, "custom/playerlabel": { "format": "{}", "return-type": "json", "max-length": 48, "exec": "playerctl -a metadata --format '{\"text\": \"{{artist}} - {{markup_escape(title)}}\", \"tooltip\": \"{{playerName}} : {{markup_escape(title)}}\", \"alt\": \"{{status}}\", \"class\": \"{{status}}\"}' -F", "on-click-middle": "playerctl play-pause", "on-click": "playerctl previous", "on-click-right": "playerctl next", "format-icons": { "Playing": "󰒮 󰐌 󰒭", "Paused": "󰒮 󰏥 󰒭" }, }, "memory": { "format": "🌊 {}%", "format-alt": "🌊 {used}/{total} GiB", "interval": 5 }, "cpu": { "format": "📟 {usage}%", "format-alt": "📟 {avg_frequency} GHz", "interval": 5 }, "disk": { "format": "📦 {}%", "format-alt": "📦 {used}/{total} GiB", "interval": 5, "path": "/" }, "network": { //"format-ethernet": " {ifname}: {ipaddr}", "format-ethernet": " IP: {ipaddr}", //"format-linked": " {ifname} (No IP)", "format-disconnected": "󰤭", //"format-alt": " {ifname}: {ipaddr}/{cidr}", "tooltip-format": "{essid}", "on-click-right": "nm-connection-editor" }, "tray": { "icon-size": 16, "spacing": 5 }, "backlight": { "format": "{icon} {percent}%", "format-icons": ["", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", ""], }, "pulseaudio": { "format": "{icon} {volume}%", "format-muted": "🔇", "format-icons": { "default": ["🔈", "🔉", "🔊"] }, "scroll-step": 5, }, "custom/launcher": { "format": "🚀", "on-click": "wofi --show drun", "on-click-right": "wofi --show drun" }, } ``` `style.css` 示例： ```css * { border: none; border-radius: 0px; /*font-family: VictorMono, Iosevka Nerd Font, Noto Sans CJK;*/ font-family: Cascadia Code, FontAwesome, Noto Sans CJK, Microsoft YaHei UI, HarmonyOS Sans; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; min-height: 0; } window#waybar { background: rgba(30, 30, 46, 0.5); border-bottom: 1px solid #282828; color: #f4d9e1 } #workspaces { background: #282828; margin: 5px 5px 5px 5px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 5px; border-radius: 16px; border: solid 0px #f4d9e1; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } #workspaces button { padding: 0px 5px; border-radius: 16px; color: #928374; } #workspaces button.active { color: #f4d9e1; background-color: transparent; border-radius: 16px; } #workspaces button:hover { background-color: #E6B9C6; color: black; border-radius: 16px; } #custom-date, #clock, #battery, #pulseaudio, #network, #custom-randwall, #custom-launcher { background: transparent; padding: 5px 5px 5px 5px; margin: 5px 5px 5px 5px; border-radius: 8px; border: solid 0px #f4d9e1; } #custom-date { color: #D3869B; } #custom-power { color: #24283b; background-color: #db4b4b; border-radius: 5px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 5px 10px; } #tray { background: #282828; margin: 5px 5px 5px 5px; border-radius: 16px; padding: 0px 5px; /*border-right: solid 1px #282738;*/ } #clock { color: #E6B9C6; background-color: #282828; border-radius: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding-left: 13px; padding-right: 15px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 10px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; font-weight: bold; /*border-left: solid 1px #282738;*/ } #battery { color: #9ece6a; } #battery.charging { color: #9ece6a; } #battery.warning:not(.charging) { background-color: #f7768e; color: #24283b; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; } #backlight { background-color: #24283b; color: #db4b4b; border-radius: 0px 0px 0px 0px; margin: 5px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; padding: 0px 0px; } #network { color: #f4d9e1; border-radius: 8px; margin-right: 5px; } #pulseaudio { color: #f4d9e1; border-radius: 8px; margin-left: 0px; } #pulseaudio.muted { background: transparent; color: #928374; border-radius: 8px; margin-left: 0px; } #custom-randwall { color: #f4d9e1; border-radius: 8px; margin-right: 0px; } #custom-launcher { color: #e5809e; background-color: #282828; border-radius: 0px 24px 0px 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 0px; padding: 0 20px 0 13px; /*border-right: solid 1px #282738;*/ font-size: 20px; } #custom-launcher button:hover { background-color: #FB4934; color: transparent; border-radius: 8px; margin-right: -5px; margin-left: 10px; } #custom-playerctl { background: #282828; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 14px; border-radius: 16px; /*border-left: solid 1px #282738;*/ /*border-right: solid 1px #282738;*/ margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; margin-left: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-size: 16px; } #custom-playerlabel { background: transparent; padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 15px; border-radius: 16px; /*border-left: solid 1px #282738;*/ /*border-right: solid 1px #282738;*/ margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } #window { background: #282828; padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; border-radius: 16px; /*border-left: solid 1px #282738;*/ /*border-right: solid 1px #282738;*/ margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } #custom-wf-recorder { padding: 0 20px; color: #e5809e; background-color: #1E1E2E; } #cpu { background-color: #282828; /*color: #FABD2D;*/ border-radius: 16px; margin: 5px; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 5px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 10px; font-weight: bold; } #memory { background-color: #282828; /*color: #83A598;*/ border-radius: 16px; margin: 5px; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 5px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 10px; font-weight: bold; } #disk { background-color: #282828; /*color: #8EC07C;*/ border-radius: 16px; margin: 5px; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 5px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 10px; font-weight: bold; } #custom-hyprpicker { background-color: #282828; /*color: #8EC07C;*/ border-radius: 16px; margin: 5px; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 5px; padding: 0px 11px 0px 9px; font-weight: bold; } ``` ## 配置 swaylock swaylock 的配置文件在 `~/.config/swaylock/config` 文件中。 * 示例配置文件： ```ini ignore-empty-password font=Fira Sans Compressed clock timestr=%R datestr=%a, %e of %B screenshots fade-in=0.2 effect-blur=20x2 #effect-greyscale effect-scale=0.3 indicator indicator-radius=360 indicator-thickness=60 indicator-caps-lock key-hl-color=228833 separator-color=00000000 inside-color=00000099 inside-clear-color=ffd20400 inside-caps-lock-color=009ddc00 inside-ver-color=d9d8d800 inside-wrong-color=ee2e2400 ring-color=231f20D9 ring-clear-color=231f20D9 ring-caps-lock-color=231f20D9 ring-ver-color=231f20D9 ring-wrong-color=231f20D9 line-color=00000000 line-clear-color=ffd2000 line-caps-lock-color=009ddc00 line-ver-color=d9d8d800 line-wrong-color=ee2e2400 text-clear-color=ffd20400 text-ver-color=d9d8d800 text-wrong-color=ee2e2400 bs-hl-color=ee2e24FF #caps-lock-key-hl-color=ffd204FF #caps-lock-key-hl-color=ee2e24FF #caps-lock-bs-hl-color=ee2e24FF #disable-caps-lock-text text-caps-lock-color=000000FF ``` ## 故障排除与未竟事宜 ### 启动失败/黑屏 请读者检查是否已将普通用户添加到 `video` 组，是否安装了显卡驱动，以及是否正确设置环境变量 `XDG_RUNTIME_DIR`，并确认上述设置已生效。 ## 参考文献 * Bilibili. ArchLinux 下 Hyprland 配置指北\[EB/OL]. Bilibili 专栏, \[2026-03-25]. . Bilibili 专栏提供的 Hyprland 窗口管理器详细配置中文教程。 * nth233. Hyprland 的配置\[EB/OL]. 个人博客, \[2026-03-25]. . Hyprland 窗口管理器配置详解与实践指南。 * Gentoo Wiki. Hyprland\[EB/OL]. \[2026-03-25]. . Gentoo 官方维基明确指出 Hyprland 启动命令应为 `dbus-run-session Hyprland`。 * Arch Linux Wiki. Hyprland\[EB/OL]. \[2026-03-25]. . Arch Linux 官方维基指出虚拟机需 3D 加速且依赖 DRM GPU，同时所有平台 NVIDIA 显卡均不被支持。 ## 课后习题 1. 查找 Hyprland 合成器的 Port 源码，分析其与 wlroots 的技术关联，在真实硬件上构建最小化 Hyprland 环境并验证其 Wayland 会话行为。 2. 重构本文，全面增补重写。