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For the complete documentation index, see llms.txt. This page is also available as Markdown.

Changelog

Q2 2026

  • 2025.4.21-2026.6.22

    • "FreeBSD Ask" third edition completed (TAG 2026.6.22)

  • 2026.6.14

    • Updated "5.5 Installing FreeBSD on Apple M1 with VMware Fusion Pro" to VMware Fusion Pro 26H1

    • Updated "5.4 Installing FreeBSD on Apple M1 with Parallels Desktop" to Parallels Desktop 26.3.3

  • 2026.6.13

    • Comprehensively restructured chapter organization

  • 2026.6.12

    • Moved "SSH and SCP Client" from "16.8 OpenSSH" to "5.1 Windows User Migration Guide"

    • Added PostgreSQL syntax to "26.1 Introduction to Databases"; all syntax verified by automated testing

    • All syntax in "22.2-22.4" verified by automated testing

    • Added "tmux" to "16.8 OpenSSH"

    • Split "7.3 Updating FreeBSD with PkgBase" into "7.3 Converting the Base System with PkgBase", "7.4 Updating FreeBSD with ZFS Boot Environments", and "20.7 Updating the OpenZFS Version"

  • 2026.6.11

    • Brought the entire book in line with best practices; marked behaviors unsuitable for production environments

    • Abolished redundant A/B group shells; environment variables now uniformly use the user classification method

    • "27.4 vsftpd": replaced apache24 with the base system's built-in openssl

    • Completely rewrote and updated from the Handbook: "28.3 Network File System (NFS)"

  • 2026.6.10

    • Added "Project Demo" to "14.1 Godot Open-Source Game Engine"

    • Updated "28.2 Samba File Sharing" to samba4.23

    • Updated "3.1 Pre-Installation Preparation"

  • 2026.6.9

    • Split "14.3 Minecraft" into "14.2 Minecraft Server"

    • "16.13 NTP Time Synchronization and Time Zones": added "NTP Configuration File"

    • Converted several lists into tables for better readability

    • Added "14.5 R Language"

    • Updated from the Handbook: "8.2 Basic Network Management"; added "Alias Addresses"

    • Updated from the Handbook: "8.8 Network Bridges"

    • Updated from the Handbook: "8.9 Link Aggregation and Failover"; note: Example 1 (LACP aggregation using a switch) could not be tested as it requires switch support. To be rewritten later.

    • Updated from the Handbook: "8.10 VLAN"; to be rewritten later

  • 2026.6.8

    • Removed "Time Zone in Cron Tasks" from "16.13 NTP Time Synchronization and Time Zones" as it was incorrect. FreeBSD's Cron does not support this; it is a Linux-only variable.

  • 2026.6.7

    • Removed directly cited Wikipedia and similar content from "14.5 Scientific and Professional Computing"

    • Removed "7.1 System Update Detection" as it is useless for KDE and has no practical value

  • 2026.6.5

  • 2026.6.4

    • Completely rewrote "13.5 Slackware Linux Compatibility Layer"

    • Added "23.2 Thick Jail"

  • 2026.6.3

    • Completely rewrote "13.3 Ubuntu/Debian Compatibility Layer"; updated to Ubuntu 26.04 LTS, Debian 13

    • Added Kali Linux Compatibility Layer

    • Removed "13.6 openSUSE Compatibility Layer" because SELinux is now fully enabled and not supported

    • Completely rewrote "13.6 Gentoo Linux Compatibility Layer"; updated to version 2026.6.1 (auto-built)

  • 2026.6.2

    • "13.2 Rocky Linux Compatibility Layer": completely rewrote "Installing Rocky Linux 10 Compatibility Layer via Shell Script"; now directly references the WSL compatibility layer

  • 2026.6.1

  • 2026.5.31

    • Updated "19.8 ZFS Tuning" from the Handbook

    • Updated "10.7 Document Viewers" from the Handbook

  • 2026.5.30

    • Renamed Chapter 16 "Storage and File System Management" to "Storage Management"

    • "17.1 Windows File Systems": completely rewrote "NTFS File System"

    • Added sections to Chapter 16: USB Storage Devices, Virtual Memory Disk

    • Split "16.1 UFS File System" into Chapter 18 "UFS File System" (added 18.2 Adding UFS Disks)

    • Split "18.11 Encrypted Disk Partitions"

    • Added Chapter 17 "Other File Systems", split from Chapter 16 "Storage and File System Management"

  • 2026.5.29

    • Added "Encrypted Disk Partitions"

    • Merged "9.8 LXDE" into "9.6 LXQt" as an appendix

    • Added "11.2 Locale Configuration for Specific Languages"

    • Completely rewrote: "20.1 Jail Basics" (updated from the Handbook)

    • Completely rewrote: "EXT Series File Systems" in "16.3 Linux File Systems"

    • Added "exFAT File System" to "16.4 Windows File Systems"

    • Added "16.5 macOS File Systems"

  • 2026.5.28

    • Split Chapter 21 "Linux Jails" from "12.8 Linux Jail"

    • Added 10.8 Camera

    • Removed 20.2 Jail System Updates; pending rewrite

  • 2026.5.26

    • Over the past 2 months, some content has been merged from FreeBSD, marking this book as essentially a superset of the Handbook. It can be said that the Handbook has now completely lost its value.

  • 2026.5.25

    • Updated "Based on Rocky Linux Compatibility Layer (FreeBSD Port)" in "11.11 WPS Office (Linux Version)"

    • Added "Managing Python via uv" to "27.4 Python Development Environment"

    • Split "1.4 Introduction to FreeBSD" into Chapter 2 "Introduction to FreeBSD" and "1.4 What is FreeBSD"

  • 2026.5.24

    • Updated "Identifying Network Adapters via ifconfig Command" in "6.1 Basic Networking"

    • Updated "21.4 MySQL" to MySQL 8.4

    • Submitted Bug 295539 - games/renpy: Maybe need update to 8.x.y not deprecate

    • Submitted Bug 295538 - java/intellij-ultimate: Please move it to java/intellij

    • Completely rewrote: "27.2 Java Development Environment"

    • Completely rewrote: "27.3 Qt Development Environment"

    • Completely rewrote: "27.5 Rust Development Environment"

    • Updated "27.6 Go Development Environment"

    • Updated "27.7 Node.js Development Environment"

    • Updated "27.10 Debugging FreeBSD with IDA Pro" to IDA Pro 9.3

    • Split "General Embedded Development Environment" into "STM32 Development Environment", "Espressif Development Environment", and "Arduino Development Environment"

    • Rewrote "Installing STM32CubeMX" in "26.7 STM32 Development Environment"

    • Completely rewrote: "26.9 Arduino Development Environment"

    • Submitted Bug 295543 - devel/arduino18 not work with openjdk25 but work on openjdk8

    • Updated: "2.5 Installing FreeBSD with Hyper-V"

  • 2026.5.23

    • Removed "8.10 Hyprland"; could not be reproduced, lacks documentation maintenance

    • Completely rewrote: "2.4 Installing FreeBSD with VirtualBox"

  • 2026.5.22

    • Split Chapter 22 "File Transfer Protocol (FTP)" from "23.1 FTP Server"

    • Removed "21.4 MySQL 5.x Series"; outdated and unusable

    • Separated "27.6 Go Development Environment" as an independent section

    • Updated "20.4 Installing VirtualBox on FreeBSD" from the Handbook

  • 2026.5.21

    • Split "16.2 ZFS Features and Terminology" from "16.1 ZFS History and Reality"

    • Added "17.1 Information Security Overview"

    • Corrected "17.7 OpenSSL"

  • 2026.5.20

    • Added "4.3 macOS User Migration Guide"

  • 2026.5.19

    • Removed exercises from non-theoretical chapters

    • Merged "1.5 George Berkeley and the Naming Origin of BSD" and "1.6 University of California, Berkeley and Fiat Lux" into "1.5 George Berkeley and the BSD Cultural Tradition"

    • Added "1.6 Overview of Other BSD Distributions"

  • 2026.5.18

    • Removed: 8.9 bspwm; reason: could not be reproduced, contains logical errors

    • If the CDE maintainer does not accept the Chinese patch before January 2027, CDE will be removed. See #2157.

  • 2026.5.17

    • Added: "14.11 System Log Management"

  • 2026.5.16

    • Audited all Ports in the book for validity; cleaned up defunct software

  • 2026.5.15

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "11.1 Linux Compatibility Layer Architecture"

    • Fact-checked the entire book using references and FreeBSD man pages

    • Further de-Europeanized Chinese phrasing

  • 2026.5.13

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "Chapter 16 ZFS"

  • 2026.5.11

    • Added: "13.1 Artificial Intelligence Overview"

    • Added: "13.2 Local Deployment of Large Language Models"

  • 2026.5.10

    • Split "7.2 Intel and AMD Graphics Driver Configuration" into "7.1 Graphics Driver Overview" and "7.3 AMD Graphics Drivers"

    • Reorganized Chapter 16 based on the Handbook structure

  • 2026.5.8

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "17.6 blocklistd"; most functions tested successfully

    • Renamed "6.2 TCP/IP Protocol Stack" to "6.2 Advanced Network Management"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "6.2 Advanced Network Management"

    • Formatted the entire book for a more formal written style

    • Merged "4.6 Shell Configuration" into "4.5 Shell Basics"

  • 2026.5.6

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "9.1 ZFS History and Reality"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "5.3 Managing Services in FreeBSD"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "5.9 Cron and Periodic"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "5.10 sysctl Tool"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "14.2 Sound Card Configuration"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "5.11 NTP Time Synchronization and Time Zones"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "5.8 Device Resource Hints File (device.hints)"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "19.4 Samba File Sharing"

    • Restored the two appendices in Appendix 1 to their original paths

    • Reviewed the entire book for Europeanized Chinese phrasing

    • Added: "17.1 Firewall Overview"

  • 2026.5.3

    • Added: "18.2 Resource Limits"

    • Added: "18.3 Security Levels"

    • Added: "18.4 Security Event Auditing"

    • Added: "18.5 OpenSSL"

    • Added: "18.6 Intrusion Detection System (IDS)"

    • Added: "18.7 Third-Party Vulnerabilities and Security Advisories"

    • Completely rewrote: "4.3 System Directory Structure"

    • Added: "27.7 Building a Custom Kernel"

    • Added: "24.10 DTrace"

    • Added "UFS File System Snapshots" and "UFS File System Disk Quotas" to "8.1 UFS File System"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "5.6 OpenSSH"

    • Supplemented and rewrote: "Privilege Elevation Tools (sudo, doas, etc.)"

    • Added "18.1 Account Authentication Security"

  • 2026.4.30

    • Added: 18.6 Zero-Configuration Networking (mDNS/DNS-SD)

  • 2026.4.28

    • Supplemented Chapters 5-7 from the Handbook

  • 2026.4.27

    • Supplemented Preface and Chapters 1-4 from the Handbook

    • Updated 7.3 Clash for FreeBSD

  • 2026.4.23

    • Separated "UEFI/BIOS Notes (AMI BIOS)" as an independent section

    • Separated non-FreeBSD BSD chapters as independent sections

    • Removed literary stories unrelated to FreeBSD

  • 2026.4.21

    • Restructured the entire book to be bottom-up. De-Handbook-ized, blog-style

  • 2026.4.20

    • Deleted some subsections in computer networking and firewalls that had plagiarism issues

    • Split Appendix I Relational Database Fundamentals into 19.4 MySQL 8.x Series

    • Split Appendix I Computer Networking into 14.1 Basic Network Configuration

    • Separated "Introduction to microSD Card Parameters" from Appendix I Computer System Architecture

    • Deleted other content in Appendix I Computer System Architecture

    • Other appendix numbers decremented accordingly

  • 2026.4.19

    • Reviewed the entire book for terminology and typos

    • Supplemented references throughout the book

    • Fact-checked the entire book

  • 2026.4.8

    • Removed redundant personal pronouns and expressions

    • Polished to meet publication standards

  • 2026.4.5

    • Formatted the entire book

  • 2026.4.3

    • Standardized references throughout the book

  • 2026.4.1

    • Proofread the entire book

Q1 2026

  • 2026.3.31

    • Proofread Sections 1.1-8.6

  • 2026.3.29

    • Removed "21.5 Deepin Compatibility Layer"; it has become defunct and difficult to supplement

    • Reviewed all online references in the book to ensure accessibility

    • Standardized terminology throughout the book based on the Terminology Online platform https://www.termonline.cn/

  • 2026.3.28

    • Standardized references throughout the book

    • Standardized image descriptions throughout the book

    • Eliminated markdownlint errors; standardized markdown

  • 2026.3.24

    • Further reviewed the entire book

  • 2026.3.22

    • Added table of contents diagrams for the entire book

  • 2026.3.21

    • Added annotations to all reference materials

    • Added exercises to the entire book

  • 2026.3.19

    • Comprehensively revised all chapters, aiming to approach professional publication standards

  • 2026.3.18

    • Comprehensively revised Chapter 1, aiming to approach professional publication standards

  • 2026.3.11

    • Moved "TTY Chinese Console" from "13.1 Bootloader and Configuration Files (loader.conf)" to "8.7 System Font Replacement"

    • As of today, the PDF export of this book is 2026 pages

  • 2026.3.10

    • Added "loader.conf System Boot Configuration Information" to "13.1 Bootloader and Configuration Files (loader.conf)"

    • Added "13.8 Device Resource Hints File (device.hints)"

    • Renamed "13.2 Managing Services in FreeBSD" to "13.2 init.rc Services"; non-rc service portions split into subsequent sections

    • "13.2 init.rc Services": completely rewritten

    • Added "13.9 crontab and Periodic Task Files (periodic.conf)"

    • Added "13.10 Kernel State Default Configuration File (sysctl.conf)"

  • 2026.3.9

    • Merged "4.10 System Directory Structure" into "4.1 Windows User Migration Guide"; content overlapped

    • Added "Appendix: OpenSSH Server Configuration Details" to "13.4 SSH Configuration and Related Tools"

  • 2026.3.8

    • Added "18.5 Embedded Development"

  • 2026.3.3

    • Removed "16.2 MinIO Object Storage Service"; reason: upstream no longer maintains it, removed from Ports

  • 2026.3.2

    • Merged "22.4 LLVM / Clang Overview" into "22.15 Developing C/C++ on FreeBSD", becoming "22.4 Developing C/C++ on FreeBSD"

    • Merged "22.2 How to Develop a Port" and "22.14 Automatically Generating BSD libc Library Text with Scripts" into "22.3 How to Participate in FreeBSD Development"

    • Split "20.1 Ren'Py and Godot Game Engines" into "20.1 Ren'Py Visual Novel Engine" and "20.2 Godot Open-Source Game Engine"

    • Merged "18.1 Introduction to Raspberry Pi" into "18.2 Configuring FreeBSD on Raspberry Pi"

    • Split "1.1 The History of Operating Systems and Open Source" into "1.1 What is UNIX?", "1.2 The GNU Operating System and the Free Software Movement", and "1.3 Linux and Unix-like Systems"

    • Updated "Introduction"

    • Comprehensively restructured chapter organization

  • 2026.3.1

    • Added "22.15 Developing C/C++ on FreeBSD"

    • Added "Emacs Editor, Vim" to "4.6 Text Editors"

    • Split the VS Code section from "22.7 Python and VS Code" into "22.15 Developing C/C++ on FreeBSD"

  • 2026.2.28

    • Added "3.13 Installing FreeBSD on Apple M1 with UTM"

    • Added "Prism Launcher" to "20.2 Minecraft"

    • Deleted "5.3 Usage of gitup". Reason: lacking substantive maintenance for nearly 2 years.

    • Removed "21.5 Arch Linux Compatibility Layer (based on archlinux-pacman)". Reason: Bug 287690 sysutils/pacman: The archlinux flavor cannot be built or installed. cannot be resolved

    • Removed "6.10 Budgie (to be removed)"; reason: poorly maintained, Bug 289898 x11/budgie: After logging in with LightDM, it crashes and then shows a black screen cannot be resolved

    • Completely removed "Appendix: Login Screen Themes" from "6.3 KDE 6 (X11 Session)" because only Port x11-themes/sddm-freebsd-black-theme exists in the repository, and it is unmaintained with the issue x11-themes/sddm-freebsd-black-theme incompatible with SDDM 0.21.0 (Qt6 greeter) unresolved

    • Noted that Lumina effectively has no maintainer and has not been updated for a long time; removed.

    • Removed "7.5 Window Maker"; too many bugs, essentially unusable

    • Removed "7.6 Fluxbox"; too many bugs, essentially unusable

    • Migrated remaining content of "Chapter 7 Window Managers" to "Chapter 6 Desktop Environments"

    • Renamed "Chapter 7 Window Managers" to "Chapter 7 Artificial Intelligence (AI)"

    • Split "22.4 C/C++ Environment Configuration" into "vim Programming Environment Configuration" and "22.4 LLVM / Clang Overview"

  • 2026.2.18

  • 2026.2.15

    • Added: "Understanding that FreeBSD is an Operating System, Not a Distribution" to "4.2 Linux User Migration Guide"

  • 2026.2.14

    • Completely rewrote "5.2 Changing FreeBSD Software Mirrors"

  • 2026.2.4

    • Removed "10.4 Configuring OpenVPN"; no substantive content

  • 2026.2.3

    • Added "Debugging Features in CURRENT" to "24.1 FreeBSD Kernel Options Overview"

  • 2026.1.27

    • Added important warning to "23.5 Swap Partitions": "On systems with extreme memory pressure, using a zvol as a swap device may cause the system to lock up, regardless of remaining swap space."

    • Supplemented "Using ZFS Volumes as Swap" in "23.5 Swap Partitions" based on upstream documentation

  • 2026.1.19

    • Supplemented "6.2 NVIDIA Graphics Drivers"; tested on a desktop with 3060 GPU

    • Added some archives for remaining links

  • 2026.1.18

    • Introduced archival CI; added some archives for remaining links

  • 2026.1.17

    • Added "OpenBSD Automatic Partitioning Source Code Analysis" to "26.2 Installing OpenBSD"

  • 2026.1.16

    • Let this ever-changing network world find its home: Added Internet Archive backup links for the main external links in the book. Since some projects mostly deploy anti-AI measures and typically have no need for crawling, bug reports, man pages, and FreshPorts were skipped. The FreeBSD forum itself goes down, and this has happened multiple times. This approach presupposes that the Internet Archive itself won't go down, which is also unreliable, but perhaps this is a balance. Most content, including the projects themselves, essentially lacks the significance and necessity of such archiving.

  • 2026.1.11

    • Supplemented and rearranged "2.1 Pre-Installation Preparation"

  • 2026.1.10

    • Added cover images for the web version and electronic documents

  • 2026.1.7

    • Removed "Novel: The Cathedral and the Bazaar"; difficult to rewrite, little practical significance

    • Added "Novel: The True Color of Green"

  • 2026.1.6

    • Corrected several factual errors throughout the book

  • 2026.1.4

    • Added "3.12 Installing FreeBSD on Alibaba Cloud Lightweight Application Server (UEFI and GPT Partition Table)"

    • Reviewed "26.1 OpenBSD Overview"

    • Reviewed "27.1 NetBSD Overview"

    • Adjusted fonts in book code blocks to use IBM Plex Mono

    • Added mirror site https://doc.bsdcn.org for this project; faster access within China. Note the domain is doc, without s.

  • 2026.1.2

    • Added "What Makes a GNU/Linux Distribution" to "4.2 Linux User Migration Guide"

    • Chapters 21-22: corrected several factual errors

    • Chapters 1-10: added several annotations

  • 2026.1.1

    • Updated the license date to 2026

    • "Chapter 21 Linux Binary Compatibility Layer": corrected several factual errors

    • Added "Appendix: Comparison of Major GNU/Linux Distributions" to "4.2 Linux User Migration Guide"

Q4 2025

  • 2025.12.31

    • Chapters 16-17: corrected several factual errors

    • Preliminarily reviewed "Appendix IV: Literary Stories"

    • Merged "Storage Device Basics" and "Bus Interfaces and Protocols" into "Computer System Architecture"

  • 2025.12.30

    • Chapters 1-15: corrected several factual errors

  • 2025.12.29

    • Reviewed "FreeBSD Desktop Distribution Review"

    • Reviewed "BSD License Overview"

    • Corrected several word errors in "Appendix IV: Literary Stories"

    • Migrated "FreeBSD 13/14 Installation Guide" to "2.3 FreeBSD 13 and 14 Installation Guide (amd64 Architecture)"; other chapter numbers incremented accordingly

    • Roughly reviewed "Appendix III: UEFI/BIOS Basics (Based on AMI BIOS)"

  • 2025.12.28

    • Reviewed "Appendix I: Introduction to Computing"

    • "Appendix III: UEFI/BIOS Basics (Based on AMI BIOS)": corrected several factual errors

  • 2025.12.27

    • Reviewed "Chapter 24: FreeBSD Kernel"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 26: Introduction to OpenBSD"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 27: Introduction to NetBSD"

    • Reviewed "Introduction to DragonFly BSD"

    • Reviewed "Introduction to TwinCAT/BSD"

    • Reviewed "FreeBSD-Compatible Network Adapters"

    • Split "UEFI/BIOS Basics (Based on AMI BIOS)" into "Appendix III: UEFI/BIOS Basics (Based on AMI BIOS)"; other appendix numbers incremented accordingly

  • 2025.12.26

    • Chapters 23-Appendix III: corrected several factual errors

    • Reviewed "Chapter 23: Storage and File System Management"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 25: ZFS File System"

  • 2025.12.25

    • Chapters 1-16: corrected several factual errors

    • Reviewed "Chapter 20: Games, Scientific Computing, and Professional Tools"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 21: Linux Binary Compatibility Layer"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 22: Development Ecosystem and Community Contributions"

    • Reviewed "Glossary"

    • Reviewed "Bibliography"

  • 2025.12.24

    • Reviewed "Chapter 14: Network Management"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 15: Firewalls"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 16: Servers"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 17: Web Servers and Monitoring Platforms"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 18: FreeBSD and Embedded Platforms"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 19: Database Management"

  • 2025.12.23

    • Reviewed "Chapter 11: Jails"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 12: Virtualization and Containers"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 13: System Administration"

    • Supplemented Chapters 4-6 further

  • 2025.12.22

    • Reviewed "Chapter 6: Desktop Environments"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 7: Window Managers"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 8: Localization — i18n/L10n"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 9: Multimedia and External Devices"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 10: Proxy Servers"

  • 2025.12.21

    • Reviewed "Chapter 3: Advanced FreeBSD Installation"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 4: FreeBSD Basics"

    • Reviewed "Chapter 5: Package Management and System Upgrades"

  • 2025.12.20

    • Reviewed "Chapter 1: Introduction to FreeBSD" (aiming to bring it closer to formal publication standards, de-Handbook-ized)

    • Reviewed "Chapter 2: Installing FreeBSD"

    • Reviewed "Preface"

  • 2025.12.17

    • "Bibliography": compressed table columns, added 3 Oracle reference books, rewrote "not recommended for reading" as "read with caution", supplemented Wang Bo section

  • 2025.12.16

    • Added "To Readers: Emancipate the Mind, Return to Authenticity, Uphold Humanism, and Reject the Misguided Path of Suffering Philosophy"

  • 2025.12.14

  • 2025.12.13

    • Rewrote "7.2 IceWM"

    • Added "RC Script" to "10.3 Mihomo (Clash)". A request to merge was sent to the Ports maintainer (Bug 291295 - net/mihomo: Add rc.conf and some Post-installation), but no response was received.

    • Merged "4.10 Mounting and Unmounting File Systems" and "4.11 Disk Structure" into "4.10 File System Basics"

    • Split "4.12 Directory Structure" into "4.11 System Directory Structure" and "24.6 FreeBSD Source Code Directory Structure"

    • Based on editorial findings, supplemented Bug 236786 FreeBSD -.iso files not support written to USB drive

  • 2025.12.8

    • Added "Analysis of Possible Reasons for Refusing to Open" to "5.1 FreeBSD Mirror Site Status"

  • 2025.12.7

  • 2025.12.6

    • Completely rewrote "5.9 Updating FreeBSD with pkgbase" as "5.9 Updating FreeBSD with ZFS Boot Environments and Achieving Multi-Version Coexistence"

  • 2025.12.5

    • Added ZFS script for viewing, creating, deleting, and restoring ZFS snapshots. FreeBSD-Ask/zfs-snap project repository

    • Also deployed the ZFS script to https://docs.bsdcn.org/zfs.sh for convenient direct fetch download and use

    • Added "Appendix: ZFS Version Issues with Multi-Version/System Coexistence" to "25.4 ZFS Boot Environments"

  • 2025.12.4

    • Added "Appendix: Fixing Keyboard and Mouse Not Working in 15.0 and Later Versions" to "9.4 Touchpad and Keyboard/Mouse"

  • 2025.12.3

    • Improved "7.4 Hyprland" formatting; corrected the startup command to dbus-run-session Hyprland; stated that it does not support running on any virtual machine or NVIDIA GPU

  • 2025.11.30

    • Compressed "Chapter 25: Introduction to TwinCAT/BSD" with no substantive content into Appendix II "Introduction to TwinCAT/BSD"

    • Split "23.2 ZFS File System" into "Chapter 25: ZFS File System"

    • Split the ZFS portion of "23.3 Disk Expansion and Partition Adjustment" into "Chapter 25: ZFS File System"; the original chapter was adjusted to "23.3 UFS File System"

    • Introduced "powerpc (32/64-bit) Machine-Specific Configuration", "64-bit RISC-V Machine-Specific Configuration", and "arm64 (aarch64) Machine-Specific Configuration" to "24.2 Machine-Dependent Kernel Options"

    • Added "24.4 GENERIC Kernel Options (amd64)"

    • Added "Appendix: man config(5) Chinese" and "Appendix: man device.hints(5) Chinese" to "24.1 FreeBSD Kernel Options Overview"

    • Moved "22.15 Building FreeBSD on Linux" to "Chapter 24: FreeBSD Kernel"

    • Compressed "2.1-2.9" into Appendix II "FreeBSD 13/14 Installation Guide"

    • Added "2.2 Installing FreeBSD 15"

  • 2025.11.29

    • Introduced 100% of "24.3 Machine-Independent Kernel Options"

    • Fixed "21.7 Gentoo Linux Compatibility Layer". Tested on 15.0-RELEASE.

    • "21.4 ArchLinux Compatibility Layer (based on ArchLinux bootstrap)": resolved download errors caused by sandboxing.

      • After the current ArchLinux compatibility layer finishes building chroot, it appears to hang, but it is actually a bash line with no display; normal input still works.

      • It seems impossible to install fakeroot-tcp via pacman anymore; switching to AUR leads to a chicken-and-egg paradox, but this issue has low priority; the above issue needs to be resolved first.

  • 2025.11.28

    • Supplemented "To Readers"

    • Introduced 85% of "24.3 Machine-Independent Kernel Options" (by line count)

  • 2025.11.27

    • Introduced 82% of "24.3 Machine-Independent Kernel Options" (by line count)

    • docs: Added two-character indentation at the beginning of paragraphs for typesetting compliance

  • 2025.11.26

    • Completely rewrote "To Readers"

    • Introduced 75% of "24.3 Machine-Independent Kernel Options" (by line count)

  • 2025.11.25

    • Introduced 69% of "24.3 Machine-Independent Kernel Options" (by line count)

    • Since the content was insufficient for a chapter, compressed "Chapter 24: Introduction to DragonFly BSD" into Appendix II "Introduction to DragonFly BSD"

    • Added "Chapter 24: FreeBSD Kernel"; split "22.16 FreeBSD Kernel Configuration Options" into:

      • 24.1 FreeBSD Kernel Options Overview

      • 24.2 Machine-Dependent Kernel Options (amd64)

      • 24.3 Machine-Independent Kernel Options

    • Fixed mu-lu CI

  • 2025.11.24

    • Introduced 56% of "22.16 FreeBSD Kernel Configuration Options" (by line count)

  • 2025.11.23

    • Introduced 40% of "22.16 FreeBSD Kernel Configuration Options" (by line count)

    • Introduced RSS feed https://docs.bsdcn.org/feed.rss

  • 2025.11.22

    • Added "22.16 FreeBSD Kernel Configuration Options"; introduced i386/amd64 machine-dependent kernel options

    • Added "Solaris Performance and Tools" to "References"

  • 2025.11.21

    • Rewrote "Installing Software with pkg" in "5.4 Managing Binary Packages with pkg"

  • 2025.11.17

  • 2025.11.14

  • 2025.11.13

    • CSP configuration was incorrect; removed

    • Added giscus comment functionality to docs

  • 2025.11.12

    • Added "ZFS History" to "23.2 ZFS File System"

    • Added "ZFS on NetBSD" to "27.1 NetBSD Overview"

  • 2025.11.9

    • Unless otherwise noted, the text, figures, and other content of this book are published under the CC BY 4.0 license. All code examples in the book are published under the BSD 2-Clause License.

    • Removed "12.5 Using bhyve on Wireless Networks" and the "Optional Configuration" section of "12.2 Installing Windows 11 with bhyve (vm-bhyve)". References did not meet standards

    • Translated all wikis related to the above removed content and placed them at vm-bhyve Wiki

  • 2025.11.8

  • 2025.11.5

    • Added troubleshooting to "26.5 Desktop and Other Software"; resolved "KDE No Sound"

    • Supplemented contribution guidelines

  • 2025.11.4

    • Added "Clash for FreeBSD" to "10.3 Mihomo (Clash)"

  • 2025.11.1

    • Adjusted docs color scheme to be closer to book

    • Introduced SRI into docs

    • Introduced CSP into docs

  • 2025.10.30

    • Adjusted book code blocks to also use "LXGW WenKai"

    • Adjusted bold font weight for docs and book to Noto SC

    • Added line numbers to docs

  • 2025.10.29

  • 2025.10.28

    • Note: A branch must be specified for submodules git submodule add -b main --force https://github.com/FreeBSD-Ask/FreeBSD-Ask docs, otherwise many strange issues will occur.

    • Made "Update Table of Contents from SUMMARY.md" bypass the PR requirement

    • Made "🔗 Update Commit Progress" bypass the PR requirement

    • Introduced "🔗 Update Google Analytics" for real-time (daily updated) display of "📈 Statistics" on the homepage

    • Introduced "🔗 Update Commit Progress" for displaying project progress on the homepage

  • 2025.10.27

    • Fixed the issue where the https://docs.bsdcn.org mirror site homepage displayed as a directory

  • 2025.10.26

    • Added a progress badge to display the third edition progress

  • 2025.10.24

    • Added "Understanding the Quarterly Branch" to "5.2 Changing FreeBSD Software Mirrors"

    • Added "Ports and Port Overview" to "5.5 Installing Software from Ports (Source Code)"

    • Added warnings in several locations advising readers to use production releases (RELEASE)

  • 2025.10.23

    • Added "Installing in VMware" to NetBSD "27.4 Desktop and Chinese Environment Common Software"

  • 2025.10.19

    • Added "2.11 Restoring a USB Boot Drive to a Normal USB Drive (Windows)"

  • 2025.10.14

    • Added "Minimal KDE Desktop Installation Scheme" to "6.3 KDE6 (X11)"

  • 2025.10.11

    • "6.1 Intel and AMD Graphics Drivers": clarified that current AMD graphics drivers have bugs expected to be fixed before the 15.0 RELEASE

    • "6.1 Intel and AMD Graphics Drivers": clarified that the current FreeBSD drm port does not support Intel DG2 Arc GPUs (e.g., Arc A770); support is expected before 15.1 RELEASE

  • 2025.10.10

  • 2025.10.6

    • Added "Appendix: Analysis of Typical Misconceptions and Ideological Biases in the Context of Free Software and Open Source Software" to "1.1 The History of Operating Systems: UNIX, BSD, and Linux"

  • 2025.10.1

    • Non-technical questions and topics unrelated to the community, purely personal chats and emotional discussions, etc. will not be replied to. If you have such needs, please consult a professional. Other inquiries are welcome to join the group for discussion.

Q3 2025

  • 2025.9.30

  • 2025.9.28

    • 2025 FreeBSD Community Survey Report.pdf https://www.alipan.com/s/6vUR7W6xfpC Access code: nq19 Click the link to save, or copy this text and open the "Alipan" APP for instant online viewing without downloading, original video quality with variable speed playback.

    • The above is the Chinese version; the original is the FreeBSD Foundation's PDF.

  • 2025.9.27

  • 2025.9.23

    • Directly introduced the video group during installation.

    • Do not use freebsd-update to upgrade to 15.0-ALPHA3. This operation installs the new libc before installing libsys, resulting in system corruption. We will fix freebsd-update to ensure libraries are installed in the correct order, but until the relevant patch (and corresponding errata notice) is released, this upgrade method is temporarily unavailable. — Colin Percival, FreeBSD Release Engineering Lead & EC2 Platform Maintainer. See: 003244[EB/OL]. [2026-03-26]. https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-stable/2025-September/003244.html.

  • 2025.9.22

    • If a regular user is not added to the video group (wheel is not enough), then in KDE settings, "About This System" will always show "llvmpipe" for "Graphics Driver". And under Wayland, regular users will not have permission to access the GPU.

    • Added "Appendix: Expanding Taskbar Icons" to "6.3 KDE6 (X11)"

    • Completely rewrote "6.16 KDE6 (Wayland)"

  • 2025.9.19

    • "1.2 Introduction to FreeBSD" — "Technical Reasons for Choosing FreeBSD" added "Security Reasons"

  • 2025.9.15

    • Added "22.15 Building FreeBSD on Ubuntu"

  • 2025.9.10

    • Rewrote "9.1 Audio Device Configuration"

    • Added "6.16 KDE6 (Wayland)"

  • 2025.8.31

    • Currently, setting the wireless (Wi-Fi) region code to CN NONE (create_args_wlan0="country CN regdomain NONE") is incorrect because FreeBSD's files are poorly maintained, which actually prevents negotiation of Wi-Fi 5 (VHT40 on FreeBSD); the speed is always 11a instead of the expected 11ac; and the DFS configuration is also incorrect. A bug report has been submitted: Missing CN regulatory domain and 11ac/DFS support in regdomain.xml. Workaround: If your channel > 48, you need to specifically modify or write create_args_wlan0="country HR regdomain ETSI" in /etc/rc.conf; if your channel <= 48 and create_args_wlan0="country CN regdomain NONE" exists, please remove it because the default FCC US configuration supports Wi-Fi 5 protocol. Testing shows that even with Wi-Fi 6 routers, WPA3 and 160MHz are supported. With the above workaround, an Intel AX200 NIC on FreeBSD 14.3-RELEASE can successfully negotiate 11ac.

    • Because the main Budgie maintainer Olivier Duchateau stated he is no longer interested in this project and has abandoned maintenance. And no one has volunteered to maintain it; the core component Port sysutils/budgie-control-center is marked as broken. Considering removing 6.10 Budgie in the future. If it is not fixed within 6 months, we will suggest upstream remove this project and remove this section from the book.

  • 2025.8.24

    • Added: "12.5 Using bhyve on Wireless Networks"

    • Added "History" to "4.2 Linux User Migration Guide"

  • 2025.8.20

    • Added "3.10 Installing FreeBSD on Cloud Servers (KVM, QEMU, etc.)"

  • 2025.8.18

    • Added: Maximum hardware support to "2.1 Pre-Installation Preparation"

  • 2025.8.17

    • 3.9 Installing FreeBSD on Cloud Servers (Tencent Cloud Lightweight Cloud): tested multiple alternative solutions, all failed

  • 2025.8.14

    • Merged "1.2 Welcome to FreeBSD" and "1.3 About the FreeBSD Project" into "1.2 Introduction to FreeBSD"; the original section titles didn't convey their purpose

    • Moved "Window Managers" and "Advanced FreeBSD Installation" earlier for convenience

  • 2025.8.13

    • Supplemented 2.2 Installing FreeBSD with bsdinstall: added ACPI warning, introduced bsdinstall overview

    • Merged "Organization of This Book" and "Conventions Used in This Book" into the Introduction

    • Merged three prefaces into the Preface

  • 2025.8.7

    • Rewrote: Organization of This Book

  • 2025.7.31

    • Added: Appendix 2 UEFI/BIOS Notes (Based on AMI BIOS)

  • 2025.7.30

  • 2025.7.23

    • Restored the book title "FreeBSD Ask"

  • 2025.7.7

    • 17.7 OpenList added: Multi-owner permission management for local storage

    • 17.7 OpenList added: Movie scraping

  • 2025.7.6

    • Added: 17.7 OpenList

    • 6.2 Fcitx Input Method Framework: separated the installation of RIME Zhongzhou Yun Input Method (optional) as an independent subsection, and emphasized the necessity of chinese/rime-essay

    • 20.1 Renpy Games and Godot Games: removed the five-minute game. They are all desktop-bundled games; listing them is meaningless

    • Added: 20.4 Steam

  • 2025.7.5

    • Rewrote: 6.6 QQ (Linux Version). Fcitx5 input method framework tested successfully in all compatibility layers; Chinese character input works normally

  • 2025.7.4

    • Added: 6.11 Wine

Q2 2025

  • 2025.6.24

    • FreeBSD 14.3's Wi-Fi country select has issues. No matter which one you choose, you get this error: Error while applying chosen settings (unknown regdomain Expected eval: Use: not found) See: Bug 287538 - Installer error on setting regdomain[EB/OL]. [2026-03-26]. https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=287538. The workaround is to write it manually; refer to the wireless networking chapter.

  • 2025.6.23

    • 3.6 Text Editors added: microsoft-edit

  • 2025.6.21

    • Formatted: Section 21.5 ArchLinux Compatibility Layer (based on archlinux-pacman)

    • Added automatic numbering to the mirror site https://docs.bsdcn.org/

    • Rewrote: 22.7 Python and VS Code: Python

    • This book was renamed "Introduction to the FreeBSD Operating System Research"

  • 2025.6.20

    • Section 1.2 Welcome to FreeBSD: completely rewrote "Why Choose FreeBSD", removing descriptions about Linux

  • 2025.6.19

    • Adjusted table of contents structure

    • Section 19.1 PostgreSQL: updated PostgreSQL to 17

    • Section 19.2 pgAdmin4 updated to pgadmin4-9.0

    • Section 23.7 ZFS Disk Encryption merged into FreeBSD installation chapter

  • 2025.6.17

    • Added a glossary as an appendix

    • Adjusted table of contents structure

    • Added: Installing VirtualBox on FreeBSD

  • 2025.6.16

    • Merged Section 1.2 FreeBSD Brief History into: Section 1.2 About the FreeBSD Project